Note

Martialia hyadesi: Description continued

Paul G. K. Rodhouse, Richard E. Young, and Michael Vecchione
  1. Arms
    1. Arms < half ML; arms II=III>I=II.
    2. Arm suckers biserially arranged and relatively small (largest suckers midarm); except for hectocotylus, each arm usually with 75-78 suckers (range 66-87).
    3. Arm suckers with 5,7 or 9 teeth on distal 2/3 of sucker rings, depending on sucker size; central tooth generally slightly larger than lateral teeth.
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Oral views of the largest arm suckers of M. hyadesi showing sucker dentition. Drawings from Rodhouse and Yeatman (1990).

  2. Tentacles
    1. Proximal region of club with suckers in two series with each sucker attached to base of trabecula as on arms, no locking apparatus is present; middle (manus) region suckers in tetraserial arrangement with small lateral suckers attached to trabeculae and large medial suckers attached directly to club; carpal area suckers similar in dentition to arms suckers.
    2. Manus area of club with suckers in four series; large, medial club suckers with 15 relatively large, sharp teeth alternating with 15 smaller blunt teeth around entire ring; distal teeth, especially blunt ones, distinctly larger; distal medial tooth larger than others but degree of enlargement variable.
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Oral views of club suckers of M. hyadesi showing dentition. Drawings from Rodhouse and Yeatman (1990).

    3. Dactylus area of club with suckers in four series; trabeculae reduced, low protective membrane better developed on ventral margin; sucker dentition similar to that of manus-area suckers.
    4. Club generally with about 155 suckers total.
    5. photo
  3. Head
    1. Beaks
      1. Lower beak with shoulder tooth, transparent strip along jaw-edge extension, low wing fold, broad hood with notch, rostral edge about equal to hood length; lateral wall without fold, rostrum with pronounced hook. Color blacker than general in ommastrephids.
      2. Calculated regression (r2 = 0.756; n = 67) of lower rostral length (r) in mm against wet weight in grams  (w):

        ln w = 2.405 = 2.012 ln r

      3. Calculated regression (r2 = 0.736; n = 67) of lower rostral length (r) in mm against mantle length in mm (l):

        l = 102.0 + 29.47 r

        Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
        Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

        Figure. Four views of the lower beak of M. hyadesi and a side view (lower right) of the upper beak. Drawings from Rodhouse and Yeatman (1990).

    2. Foveola, in funnel groove, with 7 longitudinal folds; side pockets absent.
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Ventral view of the funnel groove of M. hyadesi showing the foveola. Drawing from Rodhouse and Yeatman (1990).

    3. Statoliths
        Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
        Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

        Figure. Anterior (left) and posterior (right) views of a statolith of M. hyadesi. Statolith length - 1.1 mm. Drawings from Rodhouse and Yeatman (1990).

  4. Funnel
    1. Funnel organ
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Ventral view of the funnel cut open of M. hyadesi showing the shape of the funnel organ. Drawing from Rodhouse and Yeatman (1990).

       

    2. Funnel/mantle locking apparatus typical for family but with mantle component showing similarity to that of Todarodes pacificus in cartilage at the anterior tip (see Comparisons of  the funnel-locking appartus).
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Frontal views of the funnel/mantle -locking apparatus of M. hyadesi. Photographs by R. Young. Drawing from Rodhouse and Yeatman (1990).

  5. Fins
    1. Fin length about 40% of ML.
    2. Posterior fin angle 47-55°.

  6. Photophores
    1. Photophores absent.

  7. Pigmentation
    1. In live specimens: Dorsal surface of mantle with very dark purple coloration; lateral mantle red/brown; ventral mantle silver/white.

  8. Gladius
    1. Gladius with typical ommastrephid shape, reinforced with one central and two lateral ribs; vane 20% of total length.
    Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
    Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

    Figure. Ventral view of the gladius of M. hyadesi with cross-sections. Drawing from Rodhouse and Yeatman (1990).

  9. Viscera
    1. Spermatophore
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Spermatophore of M. hyadesi. Drawing from Rodhouse and Yeatman (1990).

  10. Measurements and counts
    Character Range
    mean
    +/-sd
     Range mean
    +/-sd
    Type specimen
    Males   Females     
    Mantle width index 19.0-29.7 23.4
    2.1
     19.9-26.8
    22.8
    1.6
    19.0
    Head length index 12.9-17.4 15.8 1.0
     12.6-17.6 15.7
    1.0
    19.0
    Head width index 12.0-18.4 15.5
    1.4
     13.2-17.7
    15.5
    1.2
     
    Fin length index 38.2-45.6 41.6
    1.9
     38.4-45.5 42.0
    1.8
    43.0 
    Fin width index 54.3-66.5 60.0
    2.8
     55.5-64.3 59.4
    2.3
    55.5
    Arm I length index 29.5-43.8 37.8
    3.3
     29.9-43.2 36.9
    2.8
    37.0
    Arm II length index
    34.6-48.8 41.5
    3.0
     35.2-45.7 40.4
    2.7
    41.0
    Arm III length index
    35.5-49.2 42.0
    3.2
     35.7-46.1 40.9
    2.6
    43.0
    Arm IV length index
    27.7-36.5 32.5
    2.3
     30.1-40.8 35.2
    2.6
    37.0
    Hecto length index 6.6-14.9 10.5
    2.3
         
    Tentacle length index 49.3-66.9 58.6
    4.7
     44.9-70.2 59.8
    5.2
     
    Club length index 38.2-55.6 48.4
    4.1
     37.3-57.0 48.6
    4.2
    50.0
    Gladius length index 91.9-100.0 95.1
    1.6
     91.9-89.9 95.5
    1.6
     
    Gladius width index 2.8-4.7 3.3
    0.4
     2.6-3.7 3.1
    0.2
     
    Rhachis length index 74.5-85.5 78.5
    2.6
     72.6-81.7 77.4
    2.0
     
    Rhachis width index 3.8-4.7 4.3
    0.2
     3.9-5.0 4.3
    0.3
     

Comments

The above characteristics are from Rodhouse and Yeatman (1990). 

References

Rodhouse, P. G. and J. Yeatman. 1990. Redescription of Martialia hyadesi Rochebrune and Mabille, 1889 (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) from the Southern ocean.Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist (Zool.), 56(2): 135-143.

About This Page


British Antarctic Survey


University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA


National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. , USA

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