Todarodinae
Richard E. Young and Michael Vecchione
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close boxIntroduction
We follow Roeleveld (1988) in considering this subfamily to be united by the modifications of the hectocotylus. The genus Todaropsis has been considered by some authors to belong in the subfamily Illicinae, in spite of a club dactylus with suckers in only four series, because of the lack of foveola in the funnel grove.
Brief diagnosis:
an ommastrephid ...
- without photophores.
- without carpal locking apparatus on tentacular club.
- with foveola (except Todaropsis) but without side pockets.
- with thickened trabeculae on distal ventral protective membrane of hectocotylus.
Characteristics
- Arms
- Hectocotylus with enlarged distal ventral protective membrane with thickened trabeculae producing a picketed effect. Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
Figure. Oral views of hectocotylized left or right ventral arms of representatives of Todarodinae genera. A - Todarodes filippovae, distal part of right arm IV. B - Todarodes pacificus, distal part of right arm. C - Martialia hyadesi, distal part of right arm IV. D - Notodarus sloani, distal part of right arm IV. E - Notodarus gouldi, distal part of right arm IV. F - Todaropsis eblanae, distal part of right arm IV. v - Ventral side of arm. Drawings from Roeleveld (1988).
- Hectocotylus with enlarged distal ventral protective membrane with thickened trabeculae producing a picketed effect.
- Tentacles
- Tentacular club with dactylus suckers in four series.
- Carpal locking-apparatus absent.
Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
Figure. Oral view of the tentacular club of N. hawaiiensis, 80 mm ML, Philippine waters. Drawing from Voss (1963).
- Tentacular club with dactylus suckers in four series.
- Head
- Funnel groove usually with anterior foveola (absent in Todaropsis) and without side pockets.
Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
Figure. Left - Ventral view of the funnel groove comparing modifications in two of the subfamilies. Drawing modified from Roper, et al. (1985). Right - Photograph of the funnel groove of Nototodarus hawaiiensis showing foveola (arrow) without side pockets. Photograph by R. Young.
- Funnel groove usually with anterior foveola (absent in Todaropsis) and without side pockets.
- Photophores
- Photophores absent.
Table. Comparison of genera of Todarodinae
| Hectocotylus | Funnel groove with foveola | Tentacular stalks with free trabeculae | Largest manus sucker with | Largest manus sucker with teeth | |
| Martialia | Left or right arm IV | Yes | Yes | one tooth enlarged | linked by intermediate ridges or plates. |
| Todarodes | Right arm IV | Yes | No | generally subequal teeth | linked by intermediate ridges or plates. |
| Nototodarus | Both arms IV | Yes | No | one tooth enlarged or subequal teeth | linked by intermediate ridges or plates. |
| Todaropsis | Both arms IV | No | No | subequal teeth | without intermediate ridges or plates |
References
Roeleveld, M. A. 1988. Generic interrelationships within the Ommastrephidae (Cephalopoda). P.277-314. In: M. R. Clarke and E. R. Trueman (eds.). The Mollusca. Vol. 12. Paleontology and Neontology of Cephalopods. Academic Press, N.Y., 355pp.
Title Illustrations
| Scientific Name | Unknown species of Todarodinae |
|---|---|
| Specimen Condition | Fresh |
| Sex | Female |
| View | Dorsal |
| Copyright |
©
|
About This Page
University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. , USA
Correspondence regarding this page should be directed to Richard E. Young at and Michael Vecchione at
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Page: Tree of Life
Todarodinae .
Authored by
Richard E. Young and Michael Vecchione.
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- First online 06 April 2007
- Content changed 25 April 2008
Citing this page:
Young, Richard E. and Michael Vecchione. 2008. Todarodinae . Version 25 April 2008 (under construction). http://tolweb.org/Todarodinae/19934/2008.04.25 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/
