Hesperiidae
Skippers
Andrew V. Z. Brower and Andrew Warren
This tree diagram shows the relationships between several groups of organisms.
The root of the current tree connects the organisms featured in this tree to their containing group and the rest of the Tree of Life. The basal branching point in the tree represents the ancestor of the other groups in the tree. This ancestor diversified over time into several descendent subgroups, which are represented as internal nodes and terminal taxa to the right.
You can click on the root to travel down the Tree of Life all the way to the root of all Life, and you can click on the names of descendent subgroups to travel up the Tree of Life all the way to individual species.
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close boxDiscussion of Phylogenetic Relationships
The hypothesis of relationships is based on the combined morphological/molecular cladistic analysis of Warren et al. (2008). Eudaminae is removed from Pyrginae in order to preserve monophyly of the latter. Pyrrhopygini (formerly viewed as a subfamily) is nested within Pyrginae.
References
Ackery, P. R., R. de Jong, and R. I. Vane-Wright. 1999. The butterflies: Hedyloidea, Hesperioidea, and Papilionoidea. Pages 264-300 in: Lepidoptera: Moths and Butterflies. 1. Evolution, Systematics, and Biogeography. Handbook of Zoology Vol. IV, Part 35. N. P. Kristensen, ed. De Gruyter, Berlin and New York.
Warren, A. D., Ogawa, J. R. & Brower, A. V. Z. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships of subfamilies and circumscription of tribes in the family Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Hesperiodea). Cladistcs 24, 642-676.
Information on the Internet
- LepIndex. The Global Lepidoptera Names Index. Natural History Museum, London.
- Butterflies & Moths of the World: Generic Names & their Type-species. Brian Pitkin and Paul Jenkins. Natural History Museum, London.
- HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants
- Butterflies at the Field Museum. The Field Museum, Chicago.
- Butterflies and Moths of North America. Occurrence maps, species accounts, checklists, and photographs.
- FieldGuides: Butterflies. enature.com
- BugGuide.Net: Family Hesperiidae - Skippers. Identification, Images, & Information For Insects, Spiders & Their Kin For the United States & Canada.
- Skipper Butterflies of North America.
- Butterflies and their Larval Foodplants
- Butterflies of Canada
- Michigan Lepidoptera Survey
- Butterflies of Southeastern Arizona. Bruce Walsh, University of Arizona.
- North American Butterfly Association (NABA). A membership-based not-for-profit organization working to increase public enjoyment and conservation of butterflies.
- Association for Tropical Lepidoptera
- Neotropical Butterflies. A Photo Gallery featuring butterflies from Mexico through Central America to Amazonia and Argentina.
- Butterflies of Ecuador. Systematics - Biogeography - Natural history. Keith R. Willmott, Jason P.W. Hall.
- Mariposas Mexicanas: Interactive Listing of Mexican Butterflies. Warren, A. D., J. E. Llorente-Bousquets, A. Luis-Martínez & I. Vargas-Fernández.
- Afrotropical Butterflies. Mark C. Williams.
- Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa
- European Butterflies.
- European Butterflies.
- Lepidoptera and some other life forms
- Butterfly Conservation. Protecting wild butterflies and their habitats in the UK.
- Butterflies of Ireland
- Butterflies and Moths of the Netherlands.
- Colour Atlas of the Siberian Lepidoptera
- Butterfly Larvae of Australia.
- South Australian Butterflies.
- A Check List of Butterflies in Indo-China. Chiefly from Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam.
- Butterflies and Dragonflies of Sri Lanka
- Singapore Butterfly Checklist
Title Illustrations
| Scientific Name | Hylephila phyleus |
|---|---|
| Specimen Condition | Live Specimen |
| Image Use |
 This media file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License - Version 2.5.
|
| Copyright |
© Bruce Marlin
|
| Scientific Name | Atarnes sallei |
|---|---|
| Location | El Naranjo, San Luis Potosi, Mexico |
| Specimen Condition | Live Specimen |
| Source | Orange-spotted Skipper |
| Source Collection | Neotropical Butterflies |
| Copyright | © 2002 Will and Gill Carter |
| Scientific Name | Pyrgus communis |
|---|---|
| Location | Mount Bruno, elevation 1300 feet (San Mateo County, California, USA) |
| Comments | Checkered skipper butterfly |
| Creator | Photograph by T. W. Davies |
| Specimen Condition | Live Specimen |
| Source Collection | CalPhotos |
| Copyright |
© 1999 California Academy of Sciences
|
About This Page
Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA
University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
Correspondence regarding this page should be directed to Andrew V. Z. Brower at and Andrew Warren at
Page copyright © 2010 and
Page: Tree of Life
Hesperiidae . Skippers.
Authored by
Andrew V. Z. Brower and Andrew Warren.
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- Content changed 07 April 2008
Citing this page:
Brower, Andrew V. Z. and Andrew Warren. 2008. Hesperiidae . Skippers. Version 07 April 2008 (under construction). http://tolweb.org/Hesperiidae/12028/2008.04.07 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/
