Laridae
Gulls, Terns, Skimmers
This tree diagram shows the relationships between several groups of organisms.
The root of the current tree connects the organisms featured in this tree to their containing group and the rest of the Tree of Life. The basal branching point in the tree represents the ancestor of the other groups in the tree. This ancestor diversified over time into several descendent subgroups, which are represented as internal nodes and terminal taxa to the right.
You can click on the root to travel down the Tree of Life all the way to the root of all Life, and you can click on the names of descendent subgroups to travel up the Tree of Life all the way to individual species.
For more information on ToL tree formatting, please see Interpreting the Tree or Classification. To learn more about phylogenetic trees, please visit our Phylogenetic Biology pages.
close boxRelationships after Pons et al. 2005, Bridge et al. 2005, and Baker et al. 2007.
References
Bridge, E. S., A. W. Jones, and A. J. Baker. 2005. A phylogenetic framework for the terns (Sternini) inferred from mtDNA sequences: Implications for taxonomy and plumage evolution. Mol. Phylogen. Evol. 37:686-699.
Baker, A. J., S. L. Pereira, and T. A. Paton. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of Charadriiformes genera: Multigene evidence for the Cretaceous origin of at least 14 clades of shorebirds. Biol. Lett. 3:205-209.
Grant, P. J. 1986. Gulls: A Guide to Identification. 2nd ed. San Diego: Academic.
Olsen, K. M. and H. Larsson. 1995. Terns of Europe and North America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Pons, J.-M., A. Hassanin, and P.-A. Crochet. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships within the Laridae (Charadriiformes: Aves) inferred from mitochondrial markers. Mol. Phylogen. Evol. 37:686-699.
Title Illustrations
| Scientific Name | Hydroprogne caspia |
|---|---|
| Specimen Condition | Live Specimen |
| Source | Caspian Tern |
| Source Collection | Flickr |
| Image Use |
 This media file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License - Version 2.0.
|
| Copyright | © 2006 Robert Summers |
| Scientific Name | Gygis alba |
|---|---|
| Location | Aride Island Bird Sanctuary, Seychelles |
| Specimen Condition | Live Specimen |
| Source | 2006_1029_122709AA |
| Source Collection | Flickr |
| Image Use |
This media file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License - Version 2.0.
|
| Copyright | © 2006 Anthony Randell |
| Scientific Name | Larus ridibundus |
|---|---|
| Location | S.E. London, England |
| Comments | Although taken in early February (English winter) the gull is in its summer plumage. Others in its company were in winter plumage. |
| Specimen Condition | Live Specimen |
| Identified By | Chris Townsend |
| Behavior | Taking to the air from water. |
| Life Cycle Stage | Adult |
| View | Profile |
| Image Use |
This media file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License - Version 3.0.
|
| Copyright |
©
|
About This Page
Page copyright © 2008
Page: Tree of Life
Laridae. Gulls, Terns, Skimmers.
The TEXT of this page is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License - Version 3.0. Note that images and other media
featured on this page are each governed by their own license, and they may or may not be available
for reuse. Click on an image or a media link to access the media data window, which provides the
relevant licensing information. For the general terms and conditions of ToL material reuse and
redistribution, please see the Tree of Life Copyright
Policies.
- First online 24 June 2008
- Content changed 24 June 2008
Citing this page:
Tree of Life Web Project. 2008. Laridae. Gulls, Terns, Skimmers. Version 24 June 2008 (temporary). http://tolweb.org/Laridae/26358/2008.06.24 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/
